When: April 14, 9:00 am
Where: Banatao Auditorium in Sutardja Dai Hall
Participate in our 2012 Nano Poster Session
Every year at the Berkeley Nanotechnology Forum, we seek to recognize elite and cutting-edge research in the area of nanotechnology at our annual Berkeley Nanotechnology Forum (BNF). Take this golden opportunity to present your research at Berkeley’s premier nano-tech event, and share your achievements with those who are passionate about nanotechnology! Outstanding posters will be recognized and each accepted poster will be showcased on our website. Register your poster. Send us your title and abstract.
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Time Event Speaker
9:00 - 9:10a Intro
9:10 - 9:30a Welcoming remarks
9:30 - 10:05a Talk: "Insect Interfaces" Michel Maharbiz
10:05 - 11:00a Keynote: "Carbon nanotube-based Yutaka Ohno plastic electronics"
11:00 - 11:15a Break
11:15 - 11:50a Talk : "Charge Transfer and Energy Moh El-Naggar Conversion at the Biotic-Abiotic Interface"
11:50 - 12:25p Talk: "Nanocrystals: A Modular Dmitri Talapin Approach to Materials Design"
12:25 - 1:45p Lunch and Poster Session
1:45 - 2:20p Talk: "The Opto-Electronic Physics Eli Yablonovitch That Just Broke the Efficiency Record in Solar Cells
2:20 - 2:55p Talk: "Molecular level control over Brett Helms supramolecular interactions between polymers, cells, and nanocrystals"
2:55 - 3:30p Talk: "Negative Capacitance for Sayeef Salahuddin Ultra Low Power Computing"
3:30 - 3:45p Break
3:45 - 4:20p Talk: "Nanostructures in energy Slobodan Petrovic storage research"
4:20 - 4:55p Talk: "Nano-Optics and Chemistry" Prashant Jain
4:55 - 5:10p Poster Award Ceremony
5:10 - 5:20p Closing Remarks
Brett Helms
Organization/Affilition: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Topic: Molecular level control over supramolecular interactions between polymers, cells, and nanocrystals
Abstract:
Functional nanocrystals hold great potential for interrogating biological systems. Their use inside live cells, unfortunately, has been unusually limited. When nanocrystals enter live cells, they are taken up in vesicles known as endosomes. This vesicular sequestration is persistent and precludes nanocrystals from reaching intracellular targets or otherwise informing of important cytosolic events. We have recently described a family of unique, cationic core-shell polymer colloids that instead translocates nanocrystals to the cytosol by disrupting endosomal membranes via a unique low-pH triggered mechanism. Both confocal fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry point toward a highly efficacious process. Key to the design of these materials is the molecular level control over chemistries and topologies of the nanoscale core-shell colloidal vector as well as the polymer passivation at the nanocrystal surface. The complementary interactions between these materials and their broad tunability with respect to binding strength can be leveraged for specific experiments in live cells and determines to a large extent how long these might take place without deleterious consequences to cell health. In optimized materials combinations, mere picomolar concentrations of nanocrystals are required for loading cells, with the process occurring within a few hours of incubation. We will present several examples where these materials feature prominently in the evaluation of dynamic intracellular biophysical properties, including temperature and viscosity. A host of advanced applications arising from efficient cytosolic delivery of nanocrystal probes are similarly possible: from single particle tracking experiments to monitoring protein-protein interactions in live cells for extended periods.
Bio:
Prashant Jain
Organization/Affilition: University of Illinois Urbana Champaign
Topic: Nano-Optics and Chemistry
I will describe how simple solid-state chemistry can be used to manipulate, in completely new ways, the behavior of electrons and photons at the nanoscale. For instance, we can now generate localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) in semiconductor quantum dots by introducing vacancies in the nanocrystal lattice. While reminiscent of their counterparts in metal nanoparticles, plasmons in quantum dots represent a paradigm shift, especially because these resonances, unlike those in metals, are actively tunable via electrochemistry, temperature, and crystallographic phase changes. As another example, in nanocrystals of semiconductors, all the cations can be simply replaced by another cation, without affecting the size, shape, and interfaces within the nanostructure. By means of ion exchange, one can essentially use nanocrystals as templates to synthesize materials that are otherwise inaccessible and engineer band-gaps in ways otherwise not possible. Finally, I will tell you about impurities in nanocrystals that can have a strong detrimental effect on optoelectronic performance, even at the level of few atoms/nanocrystal. We have, however, found that it is relatively easy to purify nanocrystals of such impurity atoms, resulting in two orders-of-magnitude enhancement in optical quality.
Prashant Jain grew up in Bombay, where he completed his undergraduate education at the Institute of Chemical Technology. He obtained his PhD work with M.A. El-Sayed at the Georgia Institute of Technology in 2008, following which he was a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University and a Miller Fellow at UC Berkeley (2009-2011). He joined the University of Illinois faculty as an Assistant Professor in Fall 2011. His research interests are in molecular and nano-optics, areas in which his work has been cited over 3200 times (Scholar profile) with an h-index of 21 and several highlights in science media.
Michel Maharbiz
Organization/Affilition: University of California Berkeley
Topic: Insect Interfaces
Our group is interested in pushing the boundaries of technological fusion between the synthetic and living organisms. In this context, we’ve demonstrated multi-modal free-flight control of living insects over several publications. This work’s impact extends beyond the demonstration of insects as controllable micro air vehicles, in the long term, to the creation of hybrid synthetic/organic machines which exploit the best of both worlds: the merging of man-made computation and communication with the advantages of organic multi-cellular systems. We have become increasingly interested in chronic fusion of high bandwidth synthetic interfaces to insect sensory organs and in extreme miniaturization (e.g. a musca domestica cyborg). Recently, several of us in the group have begun discussing the long-term ethical implications of these issues and may release work in this area (stay tuned). At its core, much of this work is an exploration of how the rapid pace of computation and communication miniaturization is swiftly blurring the line between the technological base that created us and the technological based we’ve created.
Moh El-Naggar
Organization/Affilition: University of Southern California
Topic: Charge Transfer and Energy Conversion at the Biotic-Abiotic Interface
Microbes have a remarkable ability to synthesize and functionally exploit extracellular nanomaterials at the interface between living and non-living systems. Understanding the fundamentals of charge transfer in these microbial systems will result in potentially transformative approaches to renewable energy recovery in biological fuel cells, and low temperature synthesis of inorganic energy-relevant nanomaterials.
This talk will describe our ongoing experimental and theoretical work on microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and emphasize the role of conductive components ranging from extracellular appendages known as microbial nanowires, to assemblies of redox molecules distributed throughout the outer cell membranes in entire biofilms. The approaches taken range from device-scale electrochemical characterization, to single cell techniques and nanoscale electron transport measurements along microbial nanowires produced by the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. Finally, this talk will present a biological route to synthesizing nanostructured materials for energy applications. The method will be illustrated with a case study that takes advantage of the respiratory and detoxification activities of microbes to synthesize macroscopic quantities of chalcogenide nanofibers.
Moh El-Naggar’s research interests lie at the interface of physics, microbiology, and nanotechnology. His work targets the fundamental science and technological applications of charge transfer at the biotic-abiotic interface. Understanding these processes across multiple length scales, ranging from individual proteins to microbial biofilms, will result in potentially transformative approaches to renewable energy recovery and biosynthesis of nanomaterials (http://nanobio.usc.edu). Dr. El-Naggar received a B.S. degree in engineering from Lehigh University (2001), followed by M.S. (2002) and Ph.D. (2006) degrees in Engineering (with an Applied Physics minor) from the California Institute of Technology. In 2006, he started postdoctoral work in geobiology at the University of Southern California (USC), before becoming an assistant professor of physics (2009) at USC, working at the interface between nanoscience and biological physics. He has been an Applied Materials, Inc. Graduate Fellow (2004-2006) and a user at the LBL Molecular Foundry (since 2008). He is the recipient of the 2011 USC Zumberge Interdisciplinary Innovation Fund (with U. Mitra) and an Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Young Investigator Award (2010).
Yutaka Ohno
Organization/Affilition: Nagoya University
Topic: Carbon Nanotube-based Plastic Electronics
Plastic/flexible electronics is expected to change the style of ICT (information communication technology) devices to flexible and light-weight devices that can be wearable on human body. Among various kinds of semiconductor materials, carbon nanotubes can provide high-performance devices on plastic films at low cost. In my talk, I will present a review of plastic electronics and carbon nanotube-based flexible devices, and recent results of the development of carbon-nanotube-based flexible thin-film transistors (TFTs) and integrated circuits (ICs) on plastic substrate. Recent works towards all-carbon electrons and printable electronics will also be introduced.
Yutaka Ohno is an Associate Professor of Department of Quantum Engineering, Nagoya University, Japan. He received the Ph.D degree from Nagoya University in 2000. He worked as a Research Scientist of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science from 1999 to 2000. He became a research associate in 2000, an assistant professor in 2002, an associate professor in 2008 of Nagoya University. He also worked as a Research Scientist of Japan Science and Technology Agency from 2004 to 2007. During his Ph.D course, he developed novel highly-sensitive optoelectronic logic gates using resonant tunneling phenomenon. He has been involved with electronic applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) since 2002. He firstly investigated electronic property of field-effect transistors (FETs) of fullerene-inserted CNTs ‘peapods’ in 2003, and found a possibility of the bandgap engineering. He realized the polarity control of CNT FETs with work function of contact metal in 2004, high-performance CMOS by Si-LSI compatible process in 2009, and the first CNT ICs on a transparent and flexible plastic substrate in 2010. He is now involving with carbon-nanotube-based plastic electronics and printable electronics.
Slobodan Petrovic
Organization/Affilition: Oregon Institute of Technology
Topic: Nanostructures in energy storage research
Dr. Slobodan Petrovic is an associate professor at the Oregon Institute of Technology, with teaching and research interests in the areas renewable energy, electrochemistry, fuel cells, batteries, dye sensitized solar cells, and MEMS. Before joining OIT he was an associate professor at the Arizona State University, a Vice President of Engineering at Clear Edge Power and Reliability Manager at Motorola, Inc.
Sayeef Salahuddin
Topic: Negative Capacitance for Ultra Low Power Computing
Classical electrostatic laws dictate that in a series combination of two capacitors the total capacitance is always reduced. In 2008, we theoretically predicted that such a series combination could rather enhance the total capacitance if one of these capacitors is a ferroelectric material appropriately biased such that it presents a negative capacitance to the circuit. This in turn can reduce energy dissipation in present day MOSFETs below what is otherwise believed to be the fundamental limit. I shall discuss the theoretical foundation of this concept. I shall also discuss our recent experimental result that demonstrated the capacitance enhancement in a series combination of two capacitors.
Sayeef Salahuddin received his B.Sc. in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from BUET (Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology) in 2003 and PhD in Electrical and Computer Engineering from Purdue University in 2007. He joined the faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at University of California, Berkeley in 2008. His research interests are in the interdisciplinary field of electronic transport in nano structures currently focusing on novel electronic and spintronic devices for low power logic and memory applications. Professor Salahuddin has championed the concept of using 'interacting systems' for switching, showing fundamental advantage of such systems over the conventional devices in terms of power dissipation. He received the Kintarul Islam Gold Medal from BUET in 2003, the Meissner fellowship from Purdue University, 2003-4, an IBM PhD Fellowship 2007-8, a MARCO/FCRP Inventor Recognition Award in 2007, a UC Regents Junior Faculty Fellowship in 2009, a Hellman Faculty Fellowship in 2010, a DOE NISE award in 2010 and 2011, the 2011 NSF CAREER award and the IEEE Nanotechnology Council Early Career Award in 2012.
Dmitri Talapin
Organization/Affilition: University of Chicago
Topic: Nanocrystals: A Modular Approach to Materials Design
Colloidal nanocrystals can combine the advantages of crystalline inorganic semiconductors with the size-tunable electronic structure and inexpensive solution-based device fabrication. Single- and multicomponent nanocrystal assemblies, also known as superlattices, provide a powerful general platform for designing two- and three-dimensional solids with tailored electronic, magnetic, and optical properties. Unlike atomic and molecular crystals where atoms, lattice geometry, and interatomic distances are fixed entities, the nanocrystal arrays represent ensembles of “designer atoms” with potential for tuning their electronic structure and transport properties. Generally speaking, nanocrystal assemblies can be considered as a novel type of condensed matter, whose behavior depends both on the properties of the individual building blocks and on the interparticle exchange interactions.
The ability to assemble precisely engineered nanoscale building blocks into complex structures is opening the door to materials where components and functionalities can be added, tuned or combined in a predictable manner. I will show how self-assembly of nanocrystals can lead to a palette of unprecedented phases including superlattices isostructural with the Archimedean tilings and dodecagonal quasicrystals.
Efficient charge transport is crucial for performance of nanocrystal-based electronic and optoelectronic devices. The insulating nature of surface ligands traditionally used for nanocrystal synthesis results in the poor electronic coupling between individual nanocrystals. To facilitate charge transport in nanocrystal solids, we introduced the concept of inorganic ligands for colloidal nanocrystals. These ligands, namely metal chalcogenide complexes, can be applied to a broad range of inorganic nanomaterials. I will demonstrate the power of this approach on several examples of prospective electronic, thermoelectric and photovoltaic materials.
Dmitri Talapin is an Associate Profesor in the Department of Chemistry at University of Chicago. His research interest revolve around colloidal inorganic nanomaterials, spanning from synthetic methodology to device fabrication, with the desire of turning colloidal nanostructures into competitive materials for electronics and optoelectronics. He received his doctorate degree from University of Hamburg, German in 2002 under supervision of Horst Weller. In 2003 he joined IBM Research Division at T. J. Watson Research Center as a postdoctoral fellow to work with Chris Murray on synthesis and self-assembly of semiconductor nanostructures. In 2005 he moved to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory as a staff scientist at the Molecular Foundry and finally joined faculty at the University of Chicago in 2007. His recent recognitions include MRS Outstanding Young Investigator Award (2011); Camille Dreyfus Teacher Scholar Award (2010); David and Lucile Packard Fellowship in Science and Engineering (2009); NSF CAREER Award (2009) and Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship (2009).
Eli Yablonovitch
Topic: The Opto-Electronic Physics That Just Broke the Efficiency Record in Solar Cells
The solar cell field is changing. We are finally approaching the Shockley-Queisser (SQ) limit for single junction solar cell ~33.5% efficiency under the standard solar spectrum. Previously, the record had been stuck at 25.1%, during 1990-2007. Why then the 8% discrepancy between the theoretical limit 33.5% versus the previously achieved efficiency?
It is usual to blame material quality. But in the case of GaAs double heterostructures, the material is almost ideal with an internal fluorescence yield of >99%. This deepens the puzzle as to why the full theoretical SQ efficiency was not achieved?
Counter-intuitively, efficient external fluorescence is a necessity for approaching the ultimate limits. Now new efficiency records are being broken. Alta Devices has reached 28.2%. A great Solar Cell also needs to be a great Light Emitting Diode.
The single-crystal thin film technology that achieved these high efficiencies, is created by epitaxial liftoff, and can be produced at cost well below the other less efficient thin film solar technologies.